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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) involves inhaling 100% oxygen at pressures greater than one atmosphere absolute (1 ATA) to increase the oxygen dissolved in the body's tissues. During HBOT treatment, arterial O2 tension typically surpasses 2000 mmHg, with tissue levels between 200-400 mmHg. Traditionally, HBOT has been used worldwide primarily for chronic non-healing wounds.
The combined impact of hyperoxia and hyperbaric pressure significantly improves tissue oxygenation while targeting oxygen and pressure-sensitive genes, enhancing mitochondrial metabolism and providing anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects.
Recently, there is increasing evidence that HBOT can also promote neuronal regeneration and neuroplasticity. The intermittent elevation of oxygen concentration triggers various mediators and cellular mechanisms typically induced during hypoxia but without the harmful effects of hypoxia itself -
a phenomenon known as the Hyperoxic-Hypoxic Paradox.
Hyperoxic-Hypoxic Paradox
HIf-1 α:
Intermittent hyperoxic exposure during HBOT can induce hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), a transcriptional regulator of genes involved in angiogenesis, energy metabolism, and cell proliferation. Additionally, HIF-1α modulates immune responses, such as the helper T-cell differentiation towards a regulatory (Treg) or Th17 phenotype.
Stem cells:
The HBOT protocol promotes stem cell proliferation, mobilization, and differentiation. During treatment, circulating hematopoietic stem cell numbers increase 3-8 times compared to pre-treatment levels. The mobilized stem cells target damaged tissues in need of regeneration.
Our group demonstrated increased mesenchymal stem cell proliferation in humans for the first time (Figure-1). Unlike traditional agents that increase stem cell proliferation, HBOT does not elevate circulating leukocyte count. Furthermore, HBOT induces tissue-specific stem cell differentiation; for example, in the brain, it promotes neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
Mitochondrial function
HBOT improves mitochondrial function and increases the number of mitochondria per cell through biogenesis. This has been demonstrated by other researchers, as well as in our athlete study involving muscle biopsies.
Angiogenesis:
HBOT stimulates hematopoietic stem cells leading to angiogenesis, or the development of new blood vessels. This has been evident in treatment of non-healing peripheral wounds and recently by our group in both the brain, heart and male genitalia using novel MRI perfusion techniques.
Figure 1.
Circulating mesenchymal stem cells in a healthy population before and along the HBOT.
Aviv’s affiliated center, The Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine & Research in the Shamir (previously Assaf-Harofeh) Medical Center in Israel is currently the largest center of its kind in the world, treating more than 300 patients per day.
The professional staff includes a multi-disciplinary team of physicians, neuropsychologists, psychologists, neurobiologists, physicists, technology engineers, biologists, physiologists, nutritionist, nurses, and physiotherapists. This unique multidisciplinary collaboration allows the team to conduct its ground-breaking research program focusing on the effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) on several types of brain injuries and age-related cognitive decline.
The research program conducted at our the Sagol Center indicates that HBOT can induce neuroplasticity and regeneration of damaged brain tissue even years after an acute insult. Moreover, by using new comprehensive brain imaging, the potential recoverable brain tissue can be characterized and identified prior to the treatment.
As a result, the range of therapeutic indications for HBOT was expanded to include:
Stroke
Post-concussion syndrome
Traumatic brain injury
Fibromyalgia - chronic pain syndrome
Age-related cognitive and functional decline
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder – PTSD
Post-COVID Syndrome
Post viral
Additional areas of research:
Athletic performance
Age-Related Decline
A significant portion of our ongoing research focuses on addressing the imminent issue affecting the Western world: age-related cognitive and functional decline. The first, most comprehensive randomized study conducted on a healthy aging population revealed that a specific HBOT protocol can significantly improve this so-called "normal" age-related decline. Published in the journal Aging in 2020, the results demonstrated that HBOT can enhance brain activity, as indicated by perfusion MRI, and boost cognitive functions in the normal aging population.
Another peer-reviewed study in Aging (2020) confirmed that Aviv's unique HBOT protocols can significantly increase telomere length and reduce the number of senescent cells – marking the first time a therapeutic intervention has been proven to reverse these two hallmarks of aging biology in humans.
Improved cellular performance applies to other tissues and organs in the aging body. Skin biopsies have shown that HBOT can significantly modulate the pathophysiology of skin aging in a healthy aging population by inducing skin angiogenesis, reducing senescent cell count, and increasing collagen density and elastic fiber length. Cardiac echocardiography has also proven that HBOT can enhance cardiac function in the normal aging population. Angiogenesis has been documented in the male genitalia using unique perfusion MRI, which correlated with improvements in erectile and sexual function.
In a recent translational study, the unique HBOT protocol's therapeutic effects were assessed in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. The treatment reduced amyloid plaque burden, increased cerebral blood flow, and enhanced both cognitive function and behavior in the animals. The study also evaluated six human subjects with pathological memory loss, who showed significant improvement alongside increased cerebral blood flow.
Long COVID
In October 2021, the World Health Organization established an official definition for Long COVID, encompassing a range of new, recurring, or ongoing symptoms persisting more than 3 months after an initial COVID-19 infection. This definition includes cognitive dysfunction as a common symptom.
Since December 2021, our team at the Sagol Center started one of the most comprehensive studies on post-COVID patients. The team designed a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial focusing on HBOT as the therapeutic intervention. The findings revealed that patients treated with HBOT experienced significant improvements in their overall cognitive function and within specific brain regions responsible for attention and executive function. They also showed enhancements in energy levels, sleep patterns, psychiatric symptoms, and pain management. Conversely, control group participants who received the placebo (sham) treatment did not see significant improvements in their long COVID symptoms. The positive effects of this unique treatment protocol are attributed to neuroplasticity and increased brain perfusion in areas related to cognitive and emotional functions.
The second study employed a novel functional MRI technique and identified significant changes in brain connectivity and functional networks in the HBOT group compared to the placebo group.
A third study demonstrated that HBOT could improve cardiac functions in post-COVID patients as well.
The fourth study was a longitudinal follow-up of the original randomized controlled trial original cohort (see above, first study). It demonstrated that the clinical improvements in both quality of life, quality of sleep, psychiatric and pain symptoms of patients suffering from long COVID are maintained long term and persistent even 1 year after the last HBOT session.
Athletic Performance
Enhanced mitochondrial function and regenerative capacity can also boost athletic performance. A randomized controlled study demonstrated that HBOT can improve mitochondrial function at the cellular level, stimulate mitochondrial proliferation, and increase the cardio-pulmonary exercise maximal capacity of athletes (resulting in higher VO2 max, anaerobic threshold, and power generation).
Scientific References
The following list includes references to our studies carried out by the team at the Shamir Medical Center in Israel.
Performance and Aging
In addition to reviewing the references below, you may also wish to view the following short TEDx talk and Exponential Medicine Conference lecture delivered by Prof. Shai Efrati, MD:
Data and Studies
Hadanny Amir, Daniel-Kotovsky Malka, Suzin Gil, Boussi-Gross Rahav, Catalogna Merav, Dagan Kobi, Hachmo Yafit, Abu Hamed Ramzia, Sasson Efrat, Fishlev Gregory, Lang Erez, Polak Nir, Doenyas Keren, Friedman Mony, Tal Sigal, Zemel Yonatan, Bechor Yair, Efrati Shai.
Cognitive enhancement of healthy older adults using hyperbaric oxygen: a randomized controlled trial. Aging. June 26, 2020
Amir Hadanny, Efrat Sasson, Laurian Copel, Malka Daniel-Kotovsky, Eldad Yaakobi, Erez Lang, Gregory Fishlev, Nir Polak, Mony Friedman, Keren Doenyas, Shachar Finci, Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor & Shai Efrati.
Physical enhancement of older adults using hyperbaric oxygen: a randomized controlled trial.
BMC Geriatrics, Volume 24, article number 572, (2024)
Yafit Hachmo, Amir Hadanny, Ramzia Abu Hamed, Malka Daniel-Kotovsky, Merav Catalogna, Gregory Fishlev, Erez Lang, Nir Polak, Keren Doenyas, Mony Friedman, Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor, Shai Efrati.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy increases telomere length and decreases immunosenescence in isolated blood cells: a prospective trial. Aging. November 18, 2020
Karin Elman-Shina and Shai Efrati. Ischemia as a common trigger for Alzheimer’s disease.
Aging Neuroscience. 26 September 2022
Ronit Shapira, Amos Gdalyahu, Irit Gottfried, Efrat Sasson, Amir Hadanny, Shai Efrati, Pablo Blinder, Uri Ashery. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy alleviates vascular dysfunction and amyloid burden in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model and in elderly patients. Aging. September 9, 2021
Yafit Hachmo, Amir Hadanny, Sonia Mendelovic, Pnina Hillman, Eyal Shapira, Geva Landau, Hadar Gattegno, Avi Zrachya, Malka Daniel-Kotovsky, Merav Catalogna, Gregory Fishlev, Erez Lang, Nir Polak, Keren Doenyas, Mony Friedman, Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor, Shai Efrati.
The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the pathophysiology of skin aging: a prospective clinical trial. Aging, September 16, 2021
Amir Hadanny, Relly Forer, Dina Volodarsky, Malka Daniel-Kotovsky, Merav Catalogna, Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor and Shai Efrati. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy induces transcriptome changes in elderly: a prospective trial. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Nov 30; 13(22): 24511–24523
Amir Hadanny MD, Erez Lang MD, Laurian Copel MD, Oshra Meir MD, Yair Bechor MD, Gregory Fishlev MD, Jacob Bergan MD, Mony Friedman MD, Amnon Zisman MD & Shai Efrati MD
Hyperbaric oxygen can induce angiogenesis and recover erectile function
International Journal of Impotence Research volume 30, pages292–299 (2018)
Marina Leitman, Shai Efrati, Shmuel Fuchs, Amir Hadanny & Zvi Vered
The effect of hyperbaric oxygenation therapy on myocardial function
The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging volume 36, pages833–840 (2020)
Shapira, R., B. Solomon, S. Efrati, D. Frenkel, and U. Ashery.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Ameliorates Pathophysiology of 3xtg-Ad Mouse Model by Attenuating Neuroinflammation. Neurobiol Aging 62 (Feb 2018): 105-19.
Shapira, R., S. Efrati, and U. Ashery.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy as a New Treatment Approach for Alzheimer’s Disease.
Neural Regen Res 13, no. 5 (May 2018): 817-18.
Amir Hadanny, Shai Efrati. The Hyperoxic-Hypoxic Paradox. Biomolecules. June 25, 2020
Amir Hadanny, Relly Forer Dina Volodarsky, Malka Daniel-Kotovsky , Merav Catalogna,
Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor , Shai Efrati.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy induces transcriptome changes in elderly: a prospective trial.
Irit Gottfried, Nofar Schottlender and Uri Ashery.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment – From Mechanisms to Cognitive Improvement. Biomolecules, 2021 Oct 15
Vadas, D., L. Kalichman, A. Hadanny, and S. Efrati.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Environment Can Enhance Brain Activity and Multitasking Performance.
Front Integr Neurosci 11 (2017): 25
Suzin G, Halpert Frolinger T, Yogev D, Hadanny A, Catalogna M, Rassovsky Y, Efrati S
Oxygen: The Rate-Limiting Factor for Episodic Memory Performance, Even in Healthy Young Individuals. Biomolecules. 2020 Sep 17; 10(9):1328. doi: 10.3390/biom10091328
Maroon JC. The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on cognition, performance, proteomics, and telomere length-The difference between zero and one: A case report.
Front Neurol. 2022 Jul 29;13:949536. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.949536. eCollection 2022.PMID: 35968296
Amir Hadanny , Shai Efrati. Editorial: Hyperbaric oxygen and the brain.
Front Neurol 2022 Dec 21; 13:1078544. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1078544
Post-COVID 19
Amir Hadanny, Shani Zilberman-Itskovich, Merav Catalogna, Karin Elman-Shina, Erez Lang, Shachar Finci, Nir Polak, Ran Shorer, Yoav Parag & Shai Efrati.
Long term outcomes of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in post covid condition: longitudinal follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports, volume 14, Article number: 3604 (2024), 15 February 2024
Marina Leitman, Shmuel Fuchs, Vladimir Tyomkin, Amir Hadanny, Shani Zilberman-Itskovich & Shai Efrati
The effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on myocardial function in post-COVID-19 syndrome patients: a randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports volume 13, Article number: 9473. 10 June 2023
Shani Zilberman-Itskovich, Merav Catalogna, Efrat Sasson, Karin Elman-Shina, Amir Hadanny, Erez Lang, Shachar Finci, Nir Polak, Gregory Fishlev, Calanit Korin, Ran Shorer, Yoav Parag, Marina Sova & Shai Efrati. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves neurocognitive functions and symptoms of post-COVID condition: randomized controlled trial. Scientific Reports volume 12, Article number: 11252 (2022)
Merav Catalogna, Efrat Sasson, Amir Hadanny, Yoav Parag, Shani Zilberman-Itskovich, Shai Efrati. Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on functional and structural connectivity in post-COVID-19 condition patients: A randomized, sham-controlled trial.
Neuroimage: Clinical, Volume 36, 2022, 103218
Amir Hadanny, Shachar Finci, Merav Catalogna, Ramzia Abu Hamed, Calanit Korin, Levi Gabriella, Katia Adler-Vallach, Natalia Tarasula, Mahgna Hamad, Zemer Wang, Erez Lang, Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor, Noami Rahimi-Levene, Yonatan Shapira, Oleg Gorelik, Irma Tzur, Eduard Ilgiyaev, Avi Mizrachi, Eli Shiloah, Yasmin Maor, Osnat Lev-Zion Korach, Shai Efrati.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for COVID-19 Patients: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.
9 Apr 2021
Traumatic Brain Injury & Post Concussion
Borlongan, Cesar V., Hadanny, Amir.
Why provide 40 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to patients with traumatic brain injury?
Medical Gas Research 15(1):p 132-133, March 2025
Amir Hadanny , Shai Efrati
Persistent post-concussion syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis, current and evolving treatment strategies. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 10 June 2025
Amir Hadanny, Joseph Maroon, Shai Efrati
The Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: Literature Review and Clinical Guidelines. ESMED-European Society of Medicine, July 31, 2023
Amir Hadanny, Merav Catalogna, Slava Yaniv, Orit Stolar, Lynn Rothstein, Adi Shabi, Gil Suzin, Efrat Sasson, Erez Lang, Shachar Finci, Nir Polak, Gregory Fishlev, Ruth Tock Harpaz, Moran Adler, Ron-El Goldman, Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor & Shai Efrati
Scientific Reports volume 12, Article number: 15223 (2022)
Boussi-Gross, R., H. Golan, G. Fishlev, Y. Bechor, O. Volkov, J. Bergan, M. Friedman, D. Hoofien, N. Shlamkovitch, E. Ben-Jacob, and S. Efrati.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Can Improve Post Concussion Syndrome Years after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury - Randomized Prospective Trial. PLoS One 8, no. 11 (2013): e79995
Efrati, S. and E. Ben-Jacob.
Reflections on the Neurotherapeutic Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen
Expert Rev Neurother 14, no. 3 (Mar 2014): 233-6
Hadanny, A., S. Abbott, G. Suzin, Y. Bechor, and S. Efrati.
Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Chronic Neurocognitive Deficits of Post-Traumatic Brain Injury Patients: Retrospective Analysis. BMJ Open 8, no. 9 (Sep 28 2018): e023387
Hadanny, A. and S. Efrati.
Treatment of Persistent Post-Concussion Syndrome Due to Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Current Status and Future Directions. Expert Rev Neurother 16, no. 8 (Aug 2016): 875-87
Hadanny, A., H. Golan, G. Fishlev, Y. Bechor, O. Volkov, G. Suzin, E. Ben-Jacob, and S. Efrati.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Can Induce Neuroplasticity and Improve Cognitive Functions of Patients Suffering from Anoxic Brain Damage. Restor Neurol Neurosci 33, no. 4 (2015): 471-86
Tal, S., A. Hadanny, N. Berkovitz, E. Sasson, E. Ben-Jacob, and S. Efrati.
Restor Neurol Neurosci 33, no. 6 (2015): 943-51
Tal, S., A. Hadanny, E. Sasson, G. Suzin, and S. Efrati.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Can Induce Angiogenesis and Regeneration of Nerve Fibers in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients. Front Hum Neurosci 11 (2017): 508
Jacob N. Ablin ,Erez Lang, Merav Catalogna, Valerie Aloush, Amir Hadanny, Keren Doenyas-Barak, Shachar Finci, Nir Polak, Gregory Fishlev, Calanit Korin, Rachel Yehudit Tzidky, Oshra Meir Genuth, Shai Efrati. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy compared to pharmacological intervention in fibromyalgia patients following traumatic brain injury: A randomized, controlled trial. PloS One, March 10, 2023
Post Stroke Patients
Merav Catalogna, Amir Hadanny, Yoav Parag, Moran Adler, Vicktoria Elkarif, Shai Efrati
Functional MRI evaluation of hyperbaric oxygen therapy effect on hand motor recovery in a chronic post-stroke patient: a case report and physiological discussion. Front. Neurol., 29 September 2023
Boussi-Gross, R., H. Golan, O. Volkov, Y. Bechor, D. Hoofien, M. S. Beeri, E. Ben-Jacob, and S. Efrati. Improvement of Memory Impairments in Post Stroke Patients by Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy. Neuropsychology 29, no. 4 (Jul 2015): 610-21.
Efrati, S., G. Fishlev, Y. Bechor, O. Volkov, J. Bergan, K. Kliakhandler, I. Kamiager, N. Gal, M. Friedman, E. Ben-Jacob, and H. Golan. Hyperbaric Oxygen Induces Late Neuroplasticity in Post Stroke Patients--Randomized, Prospective Trial. PLoS One 8, no. 1 (2013): e53716
Vicktoria Elkarif, Amir Hadanny, Ruth Tuck Harpaz, Efrat Sasson, and Shai Efrati,
Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on ataxia: A case report, Sage Journals. May 20, 2025
Chronic Pain Syndrome - Fibromyalgia
Rahav Boussi-Gross, Merav Catalogna, Erez Lang, Zipora Shamai, Jacob N. Ablin,
Valerie Aloush, Keren Doenyas-Barak, Mordechai Lorberboym, Rachel Lev-Wiesel & Shai Efrati.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy vs. pharmacological intervention in adults with fibromyalgia related to childhood sexual abuse: prospective, randomized clinical trial. Nature. May 21, 2024
Jacob N. Ablin ,Erez Lang, Merav Catalogna, Valerie Aloush, Amir Hadanny, Keren Doenyas-Barak, Shachar Finci, Nir Polak, Gregory Fishlev, Calanit Korin, Rachel Yehudit Tzidky, Oshra Meir Genuth, Shai Efrati. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy compared to pharmacological intervention in fibromyalgia patients following traumatic brain injury: A randomized, controlled trial. PloS One, March 10, 2023
Ablin, J. N., S. Efrati, and D. Buskila. Building up the Pressure on Chronic Pain.
Clin Exp Rheumatol 34, no. 2 Suppl 96 (Mar-Apr 2016): S3-5
Efrati, S., H. Golan, Y. Bechor, Y. Faran, S. Daphna-Tekoah, G. Sekler, G. Fishlev, J. N. Ablin, J. Bergan, O. Volkov, M. Friedman, E. Ben-Jacob, and D. Buskila.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Can Diminish Fibromyalgia Syndrome-- Prospective Clinical Trial
PLoS One 10, no. 5 (2015): e0127012
Efrati, S., A. Hadanny, S. Daphna-Tekoah, Y. Bechor, K. Tiberg, N. Pik, G. Suzin, and R. Lev-Wiesel. Recovery of Repressed Memories in Fibromyalgia Patients Treated with Hyperbaric Oxygen - Case Series Presentation and Suggested Bio-Psycho-Social Mechanism
Front Psychol 9 (2018): 848.
Hadanny, A., Y. Bechor, M. Catalogna, S. Daphna-Tekoah, T. Sigal, M. Cohenpour, R. Lev-Wiesel
Front Psychol 9 (2018): 2495
Lev-Wiesel, R., Y. Bechor, S. Daphna-Tekoah, A. Hadanny, and S. Efrati.
Brain and Mind Integration: Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors Experiencing Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment and Psychotherapy Concurrently. Front Psychol 9 (2018): 2535
Physical Performance & Sport
Amir Hadanny, Yafit Hachmo, Daniella Rozali, Merav Catalogna, Eldad Yaakobi, Marina Sova, Hadar Gattegno, Ramzia Abu Hamed, Erez Lang, Nir Polak, Mony Friedman, Shachar Finci, Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor, Noga Gal and Shai Efrati
Sports Medicine - Open 8, Article number 22 (2022)
Amir Hadanny, Efrat Sasson, Laurian Copel, Malka Daniel-Kotovsky, Eldad Yaakobi, Erez Lang, Gregory Fishlev, Nir Polak, Mony Friedman, Keren Doenyas, Shachar Finci, Yonatan Zemel, Yair Bechor & Shai Efrati.
Physical enhancement of older adults using hyperbaric oxygen: a randomized controlled trial.
BMC Geriatrics, Volume 24, article number 572, (2024)
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder - PTSD
Keren Doenyas-Barak, MD; Ilan Kutz, MD; Erez Lang, MD; Amir Assouline, PhD; Amir Hadanny, MD, PhD; Kristoffer C. Aberg, PhD; Gabriela Levi, MA; Ilia Beberashvili, MD; Avi Mayo, PhD; and Shai Efrati, MD
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 10 November, 2024
Keren Doenyas-Barak, Shai Efrati
Optimizing hyperbaric oxygen therapy for PTSD—The importance of dose and duration for sustained benefits. Neurol. 26 September, 2024
Gil Suzin, Keren Doenyas-Barak, Amir Hadanny, Mohammed Elamir, Roger Miller, Shai Efrati
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Military Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Elderly Veterans: Case Studies, Literature Review, and Discussion. Gavin Publishers, April 2024.
Keren Doenyas-Barak, Ilan Kutz, Erez Lang, Rachel Merzbach, Rachel Lev Wiesel, Rahav Boussi-Gross, Shai Efrati. The use of hyperbaric oxygen for veterans with PTSD: basic physiology and current available clinical data. Neurosci. 25 October, 2023
Keren Doenyas-Barak, Merav Catalogna, Ilan Kutz, Gabriela Levi, Amir Hadanny, Sigal Tal, Shir Daphna-Tekoha, Efrat Sasson, Yarden Shechter, Shai Efrati
PLOS ONE, February 22, 2022
Doenyas-Barak K, Kutz I, Levi G, Lang E, Beberashvili I, Efrati S.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Veterans With Treatment-resistant PTSD: A Longitudinal Follow-up Study. Mil Med. 2022 Nov 26:usac360. doi: 10.1093/milmed/usac360.
Erectile Dysfunction
Hadanny, A., E. Lang, L. Copel, O. Meir, Y. Bechor, G. Fishlev, J. Bergan, M. Friedman, A. Zisman,
and S. Efrati. Hyperbaric Oxygen Can Induce Angiogenesis and Recover Erectile Function
Int J Impot Res 30, no. 6 (Nov 2018): 292-99
Safety of our Treatment Protocols
Hadanny, A., O. Meir, Y. Bechor, G. Fishlev, J. Bergan, and S. Efrati.
The Safety of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment--Retrospective Analysis in 2,334 Patients
Undersea Hyperb Med 43, no. 2 (Mar-Apr 2016): 113-22.
Hadanny, A., O. Meir, Y. Bechor, G. Fishlev, J. Bergan, and S. Efrati.
Seizures During Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Retrospective Analysis of 62,614 Treatment Sessions. Undersea Hyperb Med 43, no. 1 (Jan-Feb 2016): 21-8.
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